Chapter 4
Evolutionary Origin of Cells and Their General Features
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Parts
- 1How life's building blocks formed6 min
- 2From an RNA world to modern cells5 min
- 3Seeing cells, and why they stay small5 min
- 4Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells5 min
- 5The cytosol and the cytoskeleton6 min
- 6The nucleus, the genome, and the proteome5 min
- 7The ER, the Golgi, and the secretory pathway5 min
- 8Lysosomes, vacuoles, peroxisomes, and the plasma membrane5 min
- 9Mitochondria, chloroplasts, and endosymbiosis5 min
- 10How proteins find their organelles5 min
Key terms
- cell theory
- protobiont
- ribozyme
- chemical selection
- RNA world
- resolution
- magnification
- transmission electron microscopy
- scanning electron microscopy
- prokaryote
- eukaryote
- nucleoid
- organelle
- proteome
- surface area/volume ratio
- cytosol
- cytoskeleton
- microtubule
- intermediate filament
- actin filament
- motor protein
- cilium
- flagellum
- nucleus
- nuclear envelope
- nucleolus
- endomembrane system
- rough endoplasmic reticulum
- smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- Golgi apparatus
- secretory pathway
- lysosome
- central vacuole
- peroxisome
- mitochondrion
- chloroplast
- endosymbiosis theory
- cotranslational sorting
- post-translational sorting
- signal recognition particle